Adipotide Dosage

Adipotide is a lab-made compound that promotes weight loss by cutting the blood supply to white fat cells. Tested in rhesus monkeys and mice, it works by causing the tiny blood vessels feeding fat cells to shrink and die, which starves the fat cells of oxygen and removes them permanently.

The compound targets two specific receptors – prohibitin and ANXA-2 – found only in blood vessels supplying white fat. This enables Adipotide to work with precision, leaving brown fat (which is crucial for producing heat, especially in babies) completely unaffected. Since white fat builds up when we consume more energy than we use, Adipotide directly tackles this stored fat.

Dosage chart

Adipotide Dosage Chart | Research Protocol

Timeline	Week 1-2	Week 3-4
Four-Week Protocol for Research Use	0.5 mg – 1 mg daily (1 injection per day)	0.25 mg – 0.5 mg daily (1 injection per day)

What is Adipotide?

Adipotide, also known as FTPP (Fat-Targeted Proapoptotic Peptide) or Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide1 (Prohibitin-TP01), is a synthetic peptide that researchers are studying for its potential role in triggering cell apoptosis or programmed cell death. It is believed that Adipotide works by targeting prohibitin, a naturally occurring protein thought to regulate key processes like cell growth, metabolism, and inflammation.

Adipotide was first explored for its potential in cancer research, with scientists theorizing it could cut off the blood supply to tumors and slow malignant cell growth. However, as research progressed, it revealed an unexpected twist: Adipotide seemed to act in a similar way on fat cells, disrupting the blood vessels that nourish them. This finding opened new possibilities for exploring its role in fat loss and obesity research.

While these early-stage results are promising, much more research is needed to fully understand how Adipotide works and its long-term effects. Scientists remain cautiously optimistic as they continue to explore its potential in the lab.

Research benefits and potential application of Adipotide

Adipotide And Fat Loss

Adipotide entered phase I clinical trials in 2011 as researchers explored its potential to target and destroy fat cells. Studies with rhesus monkeys showed that Adipotide could trigger apoptosis in the blood vessels feeding white fat tissue. Once these vessels were eliminated, the fat cells lost their blood supply and died off. This led to noticeable weight loss, a rapid drop in body mass index (BMI), and improvements in insulin sensitivity. Adipotide's effects went beyond weight reduction – monkeys that lost fat while on Adipotide also experienced a reduced appetite and lower food intake, suggesting a possible impact on eating behavior.

Adipotide and Cancer Research

Originally, scientists investigated Adipotide for its potential to interfere with the blood supply to cancer cells, potentially limiting their growth. The idea was that peptides could induce apoptosis in malignant cells by cutting off nutrients and oxygen. During the research, however, an unexpected observation emerged: Adipotide seemed to have a similar effect on the blood vessels feeding white adipose (fat) tissue. This discovery shifted research focus toward its possible application in metabolic studies, particularly those looking at fat reduction.

Adipotide and Glucose Tolerance

Glucose tolerance refers to how well the body manages sugar levels in the blood. Higher-than-normal glucose levels are typically diagnosed through blood tests, including fasting glucose checks or glucose tolerance tests, where sugar is consumed, and blood sugar levels are measured afterward. Since increased glucose tolerance often signals a higher risk of developing diabetes, it's used as an early indicator for the condition.

While lifestyle changes like diet and exercise can help control blood sugar, they require time, effort, and consistency for many, especially those with poor glucose tolerance. Medications such as metformin or even insulin become necessary to manage the progression to type 2 diabetes. Research into Adipotide has shown promising results, revealing that peptide can improve glucose tolerance rapidly and independently of weight loss.

This finding is significant because it suggests that Adipotide can lower glucose intolerance by reducing white fat regardless of overall weight changes. In short, the loss of fat – not just the reduction in body weight – makes the difference. These insights not only pave the way for potential new treatments for pre-diabetes and diabetes but also shed light on the underlying mechanism that contributes to the development of these conditions.

Dosage Calculator

The recommended research protocol for Adipotide follows a structured four-week cycle designed to maximize its effects while monitoring tolerance and response over time.

Week 1-2: Initiation Phase

For the first two weeks, the advised dosage is 0.5 to 1 mg daily, administered as one daily injection.
This starting phase uses a higher dosage to establish strong activity within the targeted tissues. Research suggests that this initial concentration helps Adipotide effectively begin its process of targeting the blood vessels that supply white adipose (fat) tissue. The goal of impairing these blood vessels early in the cycle is to cut off the nutrient and oxygen flow to fat cells, which can trigger cell death (apoptosis).

Daily injections are important in this phase to maintain a steady level of the peptide in the system, ensuring consistent activity and results in line with preclinical findings.

Week 3-4: Maintenance & Tapering Phase

As the protocol progresses into weeks three and four, the dosage is reduced from 0.25 mg to 0.5 mg daily, with one injection per day.
This tapering approach helps sustain the peptide's effects while minimizing the risk of overstimulation or unnecessary strain on the body. By this stage, many of the targeted blood vessels will already be compromised, so a lower dose is sufficient to maintain pressure on the remaining fat tissue vasculature and continue the apoptosis process.
The reduced dosage also aligns with observations in animal studies, where a lower maintenance dose was enough to prolong fat tissue disruption without needing to maintain the initial higher levels.

Why the Tapered Approach?

Gradually reducing the dose mid-cycle serves two purposes:

It supports the continued breakdown of white fat tissue while avoiding potential saturation or diminished returns from higher dosing.

It allows researchers to observe how lower doses maintain the peptide's action, providing valuable insights for future study designs.
Throughout this protocol, consistency is key. Daily administration ensures the peptide remains active in the system, aligning with the pharmacokinetics observed in experimental models like rhesus monkeys and mice. Maintaining this schedule provides a reliable framework for observing changes in fat metabolism, glucose tolerance, and overall response to the peptide.

Conclusion

Adipotide is a fascinating compound that's showing real potential in preliminary studies. Cutting off the blood supply to white fat cells makes the body break down and release excess fat in a relatively targeted way—without touching the good fat our bodies need. What's so thrilling about it is its potential to improve such aspects as glucose tolerance, which could be a lifesaver for those at risk of diabetes.

The four-week dosing schedule—higher at first, then tapers off—allows scientists to find a balance between effectiveness and safety. It's too early to tell, but Adipotide could ultimately usher in a new direction in the fight against obesity and metabolic disease.

References:

1. Kolonin, M. G., Saha, P. K., Chan, L., Pasqualini, R., & Arap, W. (2004). Reversal of obesity by targeted ablation of adipose tissue. Nature Medicine, 10(6), 625–632. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1045
2. Kolonin, M. G., Pasqualini, R., & Arap, W. (2010). A peptide isolated from white fat vasculature induces apoptosis of adipose tissue endothelium and suppresses obesity. Nature Biotechnology, 28(1), 69–76. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.1590
3. White, F. M., Gritsko, T., Kolonin, M. G., Pasqualini, R., & Arap, W. (2011). A peptidomimetic targeting white fat causes weight loss and improved insulin resistance in obese monkeys. Science Translational Medicine, 3(108), 108ra113. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3002621
4. Daquinag, A. C., Zhang, Y., Amaya-Manzanares, F., Simmons, P. J., & Kolonin, M. G. (2011). An isoform of decorin is a resistance factor for adipocyte targeting peptide–induced apoptosis. Cell Death & Disease, 2(11), e231. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2011.112
5. Salameh, A., Daquinag, A. C., Nutile-McMenemy, N., & Kolonin, M. G. (2016). Prohibitin/annexin 2 interaction regulates fatty acid transport in white adipose tissue. JCI Insight, 1(9), e86500. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.86500
6. Staquicini, Fernanda I et al. “Vascular ligand-receptor mapping by direct combinatorial selection in cancer patients.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America vol. 108,46 (2011): 18637-42. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114503108. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22049339/
7. Kim, Dong-Hoon et al. “Rapid and weight-independent improvement of glucose tolerance induced by a peptide designed to elicit apoptosis in adipose tissue endothelium.” Diabetes vol. 61,9 (2012): 2299-310. doi:10.2337/db11-1579. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22733798/