PTD-DBM Side Effects

PTD-DBM is a synthetic peptide that combines the properties of two separate components. The first segment is the Protein Transduction Domain (PTD), which helps the peptide’s entry into the cell. At the same time, the second is known as the Disheveled Binding Motif (DBM) and is primarily responsible for the mechanism of action of this peptide. The peptide consists of twenty to twenty-five amino acids, and its primary function is to promote hair growth and activate the dermal papilla. It is believed to give hair significant shine, thickness, and density. This crucial beneficial effect is mainly achieved by stimulating the key phases of the hair growth process. These properties make the peptide very potent in treating androgenic alopecia, diffuse telogen effluvium, or other conditions that result in hair loss, such as stressful situations or postpartum. PTD-DBM also significantly affects collagen synthesis, resulting in effects such as rapid wound healing and reduced likelihood of scarring after surgery.

About the Peptide

PTD-DBM is a synthetic peptide that possesses numerous beneficial effects, which it achieves by combining the properties of its separate components. The first component, the Protein Transduction Domain (PTD), is responsible for the peptide’s entry into the cell and consists of eleven amino acids. On the other hand, the second component is known as the Disheveled Binding Motif (DBM). It plays a crucial role in activating specific signaling pathways through which it helps the peptide to achieve its effect, and consists of ten to fifteen amino acids.
This effect has various beneficial effects, mainly on connective tissue, but the most famous is certainly accelerated hair growth. It is believed that this amino acid sequence can promote and accelerate hair growth, strengthen hair, and give it thickness and shine.

In the physiological process of hair growth, hair undergoes several distinct phases. The first phase is the anagen phase, which lasts for a considerable amount of time. During this phase, the hair actively grows and develops because the stem cells are continuously dividing, and the follicle is located deep in the dermis. In the second catagen phase, cell division stops, and the follicle stops developing. During the last telogen phase, the follicle falls out, and the anagen phase begins again.

However, there are various diseases, such as androgenic alopecia, diffuse telogen effluvium, stressful conditions, or conditions after childbirth, when hair falls out or suddenly stops growing. Clinical scientific studies have demonstrated that the peptide, regardless of the underlying cause, yields significant results and stimulates hair growth. All patients in the study experienced significant hair growth, accompanied by increased density and improved hair quality. The effects are noticeable quickly after the start of therapy, and the results are long-lasting.

On the other hand, thanks to its effects on collagen production and the activation of stem cells, PTD-DBM can exhibit effects such as accelerated wound healing and a reduced likelihood of scarring. Indications for this application may include conditions after surgery, extensive trauma, or wounds. This effect makes this peptide a leader in the development of aesthetic medicine and cosmetology.

Mechanism of Action

The mechanism of action in most cases depends on the indication. However, in this case, the primary indications for using the peptide are the specific conditions characterized by the main symptom of hair loss. PTD - DBM primarily enters the body through the skin, as the way of application is via cream, serum, or microneedling. Immediately after entering the body, the peptide enters the cells directly through its PTD component. Then, through the DBM segment, it binds to Disheveled (Dvl). This special protein activates crucial pathways. A series of cascade reactions leads to the activation of β-Catenin. This protein directly targets the nucleus, where it contributes to the expression of genes responsible for hair growth, promotes the proliferation of stem cells, and, most importantly, returns the hair follicle to the anagen phase of the hair growth cycle.

This mechanism of action is positioned as the key to solving the problem because it targets the cause of hair loss. In the normal state, there is CXXC5 (CXXC Finger Protein 5), which binds to Dvl and prevents the expression of genes responsible for stem cell proliferation and skin regeneration. Usually, this system is activated only when it is necessary to avoid the hyperactivity of these signaling pathways. However, in various diseases, an imbalance occurs in which CXXC5 is permanently bound, preventing further hair growth and affecting the quality of connective tissue. The mechanism of action of the peptide is based on binding to Dvl, thereby blocking the binding of this protein and restoring the body to a physiological state.

When it comes to both wound healing and improving the quality of connective tissue, the mechanism of action is very similar. The process of entering the cell and binding to Dvl remains the same. The only difference is in the genes that are expressed. As a result of this process, accelerated cell proliferation, keratinocyte migration towards the hair surface, and stimulation of collagen production occur. In addition, due to effective therapy, the body favors the regeneration process (replacing damaged tissue with functional tissue) over repair (replacing damaged tissue with an inactive form). PTD-DBM, as a result of the mechanisms of action, leads to accelerated wound healing and reduced chances of scarring.

Structure

The chemical structure of this peptide consists of:

• one hundred and twenty-four carbon atoms,
• two hundred and twenty-five hydrogen atoms,
• sixty-one nitrogen atoms,
• twenty-eight oxygen atoms,
• two sulfur atoms.

These atoms occupy a specific arrangement in space and are responsible for the high molecular weight of the peptide.

Side Effects

Skin Reactions

Since the primary method of application is topical, via cream, serum, or microneedling in the hair-covered scalp region, skin reactions are a common side effect. Symptoms include redness, burning, itching, and sometimes pain, as well as the appearance of lesions on the skin. These mild effects occur rapidly after the start of peptide application and are typically short-lived, requiring no medical intervention.

However, there are skin diseases that often occur in the hair-covered scalp region, such as various forms of dermatitis, eczema, or psoriasis. If the patient suffers from these diseases and already has active lesions on that part of the head, further administration of the peptide may worsen the condition. In this case, or if the symptoms worsen or persist for an extended period and do not subside, it is advisable to consult a doctor. A change in therapy or a slight dose adjustment may be discussed.

Sebum Hyperproduction

As a result of the activation of the signaling pathway and the expression of genes responsible for stem cell differentiation, a beneficial effect occurs, characterized by accelerated hair growth. Along with the arrival of new hair, a lot of sebum is also shed, which is a normal phenomenon. However, since the mechanism of action has blocked the binding of the CCXC5 protein that served as a brake, there is now no mechanism that would suddenly stop and control sebum production.

Loss of control in cell differentiation is hazardous due to the potential for gland. If the patient notices an increase in sebum on the scalp surface, it is advisable to consult a doctor.

Allergic Reactions

The use of this peptide may lead to allergic reactions including swelling, itching, redness, or a local increase in temperature. However, an anaphylactic reaction in which the patient experiences suffocation occurs very rarely. This mild effect is typically resolved with the local application of corticosteroids and antihistamines, and usually resolves quickly. However, if the patient experiences any respiratory symptoms, suffocation, or swelling of the tongue, urgent medical intervention is required.

Safety

According to scientific studies, PTD-DBM is an entirely safe compound for use. If used according to indications, under the supervision of health professionals, and in the optimal dose, it very rarely causes any side effects. The recommended dose should never be exceeded or adjusted independently of the prescribed regimen.